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Firstly, the
momentum associated with the social uprising of the late 60s has
been transformed into social romanticism and introduced deep into
popular culture. The French philosophical and political heritage
of 68 has been essential to the kool theories of the 1980s and continues
to be fashionable - alongside D&G - in the 1990s. After the killer
cynicism of the last decade, revolution is cool again. 30 years
on in European history, throwing a brick into the social hierarchy
has been aestheticised. Throwing the molotov theme party today does
little more than deliver hobby politics into the social life of
Middle Youth.
Political action
outside the parliamentary system turned sour in the 70s with an
increase in terrorist actions. Radical activism, fundamentalist
politics and direct democracy not only split the left outside of
the parliamentary system, but also created cracks running deep through
elected parties, as was the case with the German Green party in
the late 80s and early 90s. Today's romantic attitudes towards the
student and workers riots mean nothing when detached from their
political motivations, especially when they are also divorced from
their subsequent history. Investigating the assimilation of anti-establishment
iconography within the new market strategies might be helpful in
understanding some of the recent cultural shifts in the social-democratic
Europe we have been established over the past years.
Secondly, the
'Digital Revolution' has been announced. The fashionable transfer
of notions of radical change from the sphere of the social sciences
to those of technological advancement makes one question the reliability
of the concept of revolution as such. As for revolutionary change
within societies; attempts to define a universal check-list for
'The Revolution' have failed. Common sense now tells us that no
attempt to describe change in unique and idiosyncratic systems is
capable of creating an "eight out of ten" yardstick for qualifying
transformation as revolution.
Where does that
then leave the 'Digital Revolution'? With no grounds for objective
definitions, radical change might best be defined by its subjects.
Following the parameters of intersubjectivity, revolution might
adequately be described as a dramatic change which forces the individuals
within a system to renegotiate their roles. But, from that point
of view, it obviously becomes ridiculous to pin down 'a revolution'
to an empty technological framework. In the case of The Digital
Revolution, then, it is clear that there has not been a revolution,
simply because nobody attended.
Finally, the
battlegrounds of subversion have allegedly re-located to the digital
(and analogue) realms of networked technologies. During the 80s
'hacking' came to be regarded as a possible cause of atomic war
- caused by some 14 year old playing with a public telephone and
a hair clip. Our public space has been extended into networked media
and some nurture the idea that the streets have become altogether
obsolete as a battle ground for political struggle. Today, some
tactical media operations are prime targets for CIA and FBI monitoring
activities - seemingly proving the economic threat of such attacks.
But, put into perspective it becomes questionable whether their
terrorist action retains any real revolutionary potential.
Some members
of the old-time hacker/anarcho scene are currently pulling out of
the internet - dismissing its currency as a tool for radical change.
It has been argued that increasing commercialisation has blunted
the tool. Relevant points of intervention have been washed away
by millions upon millions of aol supporters. Also, the increasing
finesse of networked surveillance in the business sector and the
increase of customer and lifestyle databases more than outweighs
the dangers of terrorism. So how does the establishment feel about
the threat posed by the internet guerrillas? In the form of the
Committee on Culture, Media and Sport, it writes that "over time,
public sector regulation of content will become increasingly difficult;
technology will erode the State's capacity to intervene" (Fourth
Report on content regulation in the internet).
Even though
this statement does not directly concern itself with subversion
from within the networks, it is quite telling that the government's
worries are directed towards the future, whereas the small online
community of today appears negligible. Hard-core net activists have
moved their battle grounds since the mythological mid 1990s, yet
their natural opponent - the state - feels that the real danger
is about to come, possibly in 2005 to 2010. It seems more like the
eye of the storm than a revolution.
Micz Flor,
Stockholm, 20th of May 1999
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